Module 1: Introduction to Java

• What is Java?
• Features of Java (Platform Independent, Object-Oriented, Robust, Secure)
• JDK, JRE, JVM overview
• Setting up Java Development Environment (Eclipse/IntelliJ/NetBeans)
• Writing, compiling, and executing the first Java program (“Hello World”)

Module 2: Java Basics

• Data types: primitive and non-primitive
• Variables and constants
• Keywords and identifiers
• Operators: arithmetic, relational, logical, bitwise, assignment
• Expressions and statements
• Type conversion and casting
• Input/output using Scanner class

Module 3: Control Statements

• if, if-else, nested if
• switch-case
• Loops: for, while, do-while
• Break, continue, and return statements

Module 4: Arrays & Strings

• Single-dimensional and multi-dimensional arrays
• Array operations (traversing, sorting, searching)
• String class and methods
• StringBuilder and StringBuffer
• String manipulation and formatting

Module 5: Methods

• Defining and calling methods
• Method arguments and return types
• Pass by value in Java
• Method overloading
• Recursion
• Variable-length arguments (varargs)

Module 6: Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

• Introduction to OOP concepts
• Classes and objects
• Fields, methods, and constructors
• Access specifiers: public, private, protected, default
• this keyword
• Object creation and usage

Module 7: Inheritance & Polymorphism

• Types of inheritance: single, multilevel, hierarchical
• super keyword
• Method overriding
• Runtime polymorphism using dynamic method dispatch
• Abstract classes and interfaces

Module 8: Encapsulation & Abstraction

• Encapsulation using private fields and public getters/setters
• Abstraction using abstract classes and methods
• Interfaces and multiple inheritance in Java

Module 9: Exception Handling

• Types of exceptions: checked and unchecked
• try, catch, finally blocks
• Throwing exceptions using throw
• Creating custom exceptions
• Exception hierarchy

Module 10: Collections Framework

• Introduction to Java Collections
• List, Set, Map interfaces
• ArrayList, LinkedList, HashSet, TreeSet, HashMap, TreeMap
• Iterators and enhanced for loop
• Sorting and searching in collections

Module 11: File Handling

• File class and its methods
• Reading and writing text files
• BufferedReader and BufferedWriter
• FileInputStream and FileOutputStream
• Object serialization and deserialization

Module 12: Multithreading & Concurrency

• Introduction to threads
• Creating threads using Thread class and Runnable interface
• Thread life cycle
• Synchronization and thread safety
• Inter-thread communication

Module 13: GUI Programming (Optional)

• Introduction to Swing and AWT
• Creating frames and windows
• Adding controls: buttons, labels, text fields
• Event handling in GUI
• Layout managers

Module 14: JDBC (Java Database Connectivity)

• Introduction to JDBC
• Connecting Java with MySQL/Oracle database
• Executing SQL queries from Java
• CRUD operations using JDBC
• PreparedStatement and ResultSet

Module 15: Projects & Practical Exercises

• Student Management System
• Bank Management System
• Inventory Management System
• Billing System
• Mini-GUI applications
• Database-driven projects