Module 1: Introduction to C

• History of C
• Features & applications of C
• Structure of a C program
• Writing, compiling, and executing programs
• Compilers & IDE setup (CodeBlocks, Turbo C++, Dev-C++)
• First C program: “Hello World”
• Comments and coding conventions

Module 2: Basics of C

• Data types: int, float, char, double, void
• Variables and constants
• Keywords and identifiers
• Operators: arithmetic, relational, logical, bitwise, assignment, increment/decrement
• Expressions & statements
• Type conversion and type casting
• Input/Output functions: printf() & scanf()

Module 3: Control Statements

• if, if-else, nested if
• switch-case
• Conditional (ternary) operator
• Loops: for, while, do-while
• Break, continue, and goto statements

Module 4: Functions

• Function declaration, definition, and calling
• Function arguments: pass by value
• Return types
• Recursion
• Scope of variables: local & global
• Library functions

Module 5: Arrays

• Single-dimensional arrays
• Multi-dimensional arrays (2D arrays)
• Array initialization
• Array operations
• Passing arrays to functions

Module 6: Strings

• Character arrays
• String functions from <string.h>: strlen, strcpy, strcat, strcmp
• String manipulation techniques
• String input/output

Module 7: Pointers

• Introduction to pointers
• Pointer variables and declaration
• Pointer arithmetic
• Pointers and arrays
• Pointers to functions
• Dynamic memory allocation: malloc(), calloc(), free()

Module 8: Structures & Unions

• Defining structures
• Declaring structure variables
• Accessing structure members
• Nested structures
• Arrays of structures
• Unions and differences with structures
• Typedef and bit fields

Module 9: File Handling

• Opening and closing files
• Reading from and writing to files
• File modes: r, w, a, rb, wb
• File pointers and operations
• Text vs binary files
• Error handling in file operations

Module 10: Preprocessor Directives

• #include, #define, #ifdef, #ifndef, #undef
• Macro definitions
• Conditional compilation
• File inclusion techniques

Module 11: Advanced Concepts

• Command-line arguments
• Memory management
• Enumerations (enum)
• Typecasting & type conversion
• Modular programming concepts

Module 12: Data Structures Basics (Optional)

• Introduction to linked lists, stacks, and queues
• Arrays vs linked lists
• Simple C programs using basic data structures

Module 13: Projects & Practical Exercises

• Student management system
• Bank management system
• Inventory management system
• Simple calculator
• File-based record management
• Mini-games (like tic-tac-toe)